Monday, April 01, 2019

On the new Japanese era name, Reiwa.


The word "Reiwa" is destined to define and influence the Japanese psyche for decades to come. The new era name, "Reiwa", was announced by the cabinet secretary on the 1st of April, 2019.

The Japanese era names ("nengo", or year name), which officially started in the year 645, have directly or indirectly affected the zeitgeist of the Japanese society.

The Meiji era (1868-1912) witnessed the rapid modernization of Japan. The Taisho era (1912-1926) was marked with the surge of democracy and diverse culture. The Showa era (1926–1989) was shadowed by the Second World War, and then brightened by the rapid development of the Japanese economy in the postwar era. 

The current period, the Heisei era (1989-2019) is to officially end on the 30th April 2019, when the current Emperor would abdicate for the first time since 1817.  The Reiwa period would officially start on the 1st of May.

It is too early to predict what the Reiwa era would turn out to be. It is significant that it has been taken for the first time in history from a Japanese classic, Manyoshu ("Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves"), the oldest collection of Japanese poetry. All other Japanese era names, when they could be traced, have been taken from Chinese classics. 


Manyoshu is a collection of poems composed by people from all walks of life, from the nameless peasants and  fishermen, to nobles and the Emperor. Reiwa is thus perhaps an apt era name in a modern world where the relations between people are increasingly becoming equal and free.



The cabinet secretary announcing the new Japanese era name.

Saturday, March 30, 2019

The Brexit conundrum.



It seems that the U.K. Parliament simply cannot make up its mind as to Brexit.

I am not saying that the members of parliament are not doing their jobs. I understand the complexity of the Catch-22 situation. It is simply not a question of whether or not to leave the European Union. There are too many parameters, and the sheer combination of them diversifies the "phase space" of possible options so that no single stance would be able to command a majority. It is such a kerfuffle. 

When one cannot make up one's mind, the usual strategy is to keep the status quo. It is not a good idea to make any moves unless one is sure in which direction one is going. One would be advised to stay in the same position.

However, in this case, it is not entirely certain what the "status quo" actually means. You would think that remaining in the EU would be the "status quo." However, when you consider the result of the referendum in 2016, it might appear that leaving the EU would be the "status quo", or the default position. 

So here's the heart of the current U.K. conundrum, from cognitive point of view. The situation is too complex to make a clear decision. Under such circumstances, normally, one would be advised to keep the status quo. However, it is not clear what the status actually quo means in this case, specifically, whether to leave the European Union or not. 


The situation the U.K. parliament and Mrs. May are facing is actually more complex than the original Catch-22 situation. Fingers crossed that the peoples of the U.K. would somehow muddle through.

Tuesday, March 26, 2019

After Life: Sometimes Rembrandt, and occasionally Shakespeare.



Ricky Gervais has consistently exhibited a genius for depicting the worst in humans, and yet, in a mastery way that leaves a tinder of hope at the end. It is almost like alchemy. In a ride with this comedian, one experiences moments of frustration, sadness, and bewilderment, but finally, one is almost guaranteed to be left with a refreshing and enthralling endorsement of the human condition. One feels that the trip has been quite worthwhile, a great testimony of the powers of the art.

The Netflix series After Life is no exception. The protagonist sets out to give the worst time to people around him, with an expression of disgust on his face, but never with an outright malice. He is too intelligent to be oblivious of one's own shortcomings. One cannot be a pure evil unless one forgets or ignores one's own limitations, as is evidenced by some famous persons in the world today. 

Everything seems to be so miserable for the man. But then, things start to happen, and through a poignant process of self-recognition, reconciliation, and acceptance, the protagonist starts to love life again, if with a gingerly touch at first.


The most unique character of this 6 part series is perhaps the tonality of the cinematic experience, especially in terms of emotion that comes one's way while watching it. It is sometimes Rembrandt, and occasionally Shakespeare. After Life is a celebration of human existence, not only on its bright sides but also shades of dark. It is the contrast of the bright and dark that makes life sparkle with joy.

Saturday, March 23, 2019

Where comedy approaches in spirit great works of drama

Steve Coogan's character, Alan Partridge, is excellent in that he exposes the ignorance, prejudice, stupidity, and vulnerability in all of us. The good work is being carried on in This Time with Alan Partridge.
When an intelligent comedian (such as Steve Coogan) plays the role of a prejudiced person (such as Alan Partridge), the result is strangely therapeutic. It is perhaps the blessing of metacognition.

In order to depict a mindless moron, one needs to make keen observations in the everyday, seeing how people fall into the pitfalls of mediocrity. 

No person is hundred percent vile, nor perfectly good. It is only human to be complacent in one's imperfection. A good comedian captures the human nature and makes a truthful portrait of it. That's where comedy approaches in spirit great works of drama, such as those by William Shakespeare. 


Friday, March 22, 2019

Real people change. Numbers don't.



The ongoing difficulties concerning Brexit in the U.K. seem to suggest the importance of keeping your judgement implicit.

A referendum might appear to be a straightforward way to make a people's judgement. However, measurement of the people's will is only statistical. Even if we come up with a statistically significant result, there is no guarantee that the people's will would stay the same over time.

This is probably why we have members of parliament, who are elected by the people, engaged in continuing debates over issues. Real people are not numbers. Their opinions change all the time.  Most crucially, their judgements are at least partially based on intuitions which are implicit, not on explicit rules or numbers.

The ongoing Brexit fiasco, which as someone who admires the culture and traditions and above all people of the U.K. greatly hopes would come to a settlement soon, does seem to show the risks involved in putting too much emphasis, a fixed significance in particular, on a specific number supposedly representing the will of the people at a given time. 


Real people change. Numbers don't.

Thursday, March 21, 2019

A lesson in life's fundamental conditions of radical changeability.



It is official. Cherry blossoms are here this year again.

The Japanese craze for cherry blossoms (sakura) is world famous now. The love for the five-petal flower is so deeply embedded in the Japanese psyche that we take it almost for granted, like the air we breathe.

The essence of the cherry blossoms is that they are so ephemeral. The first blooming of the cherry blossoms is always a major news making national headlines, partly because it is so unpredictable. Once they bloom, you cannot tell how long they will last. The whole affair is tinged with subtle and transient signs. You must learn to read and interpret these elusive manifestations of nature. 


Unpredictability and ephemerality are the hallmarks of the cherry blossom phenomenon. The blooming and perishing of these lovely flowers is a lesson in life's fundamental conditions of radical changeability, repeated every year.




Sunday, January 27, 2019

Naomi Osaka's inner peace.



Tennis player Naomi Osaka sometimes mentions inner peace as a guiding principle in her performance. This is very interesting.

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s famous flow refers to the state of mind where the maximum performance is achieved. When one is in the flow, one is concentrated on one's task. One is relaxed, rather than nervous, and one feels that what one is doing at the time is the ultimate reward, rather than the social recognition or material compensations that might follow.

It would also appear that some athletes experience a special state of mind sometimes referred to as the zone. Hiroyasu Shimizu, a speed skater who won the Gold Medal in Men's 500 meter competition in Nagano Olympics, once described to me the zone he experienced in one race. "I could see the trajectory I should follow as a golden line of light on the ice," said Shimizu. Shimizu also testified that when he broke the world record, it felt almost effortless, with the whole feat done in a relaxed mode. "When one is very pressured and makes too much conscious efforts to win, the result is often disappointing," said Shimizu.

There are at present no accepted classification of such special mind states as flow or zone. Here, for the sake of convenience, let us assume that flow is a generic state of optimum concentration. A state of flow would be something that could in principle be practiced on a daily basis. A zone, in turn, would be a special subset of the flow, a heightened state of the mind which could be achieved only after a long period of hard training, accompanied by a peak performance, which could be realized only a few times at best in an athlete' career.

In relation to flow and zone, where does Naomi Osaka's inner peace stand? In terms of being concentrated and yet relaxed, inner peace might be yet another way to refer to the flow. Alternatively, since Osaka uses the word inner peace as she reflects the final match in the Australian Open (which she won), it could be an alternative expression for the zone. In any case, the wording is an original one, and gives us insights into the mind of a top athlete in a make or break situation.

Achieving a top performance requires being connected to one's core self, while in a harmonious relationship with the environment. It does not help to ignore the given conditions or try to overcome what cannot be overcome. Paradoxically, one has to accept oneself, no matter what one is capable of or incapable of, at a critical moment, to achieve the highest performance possible. After all, one would have done all one could have done in the preparations, practicing, thinking, overcoming challenges, going through mental training, etc. When one stands in the court on the day of the final, the preparations are over and all one has to do and could do there and then would be to simply become one with one's self as one would be on that particular day.

Since both flow and zone are known to be disturbed by noise, external and internal, the latter including one's overzealous ambitions and conscious control, inner peace might mean the removal of such factors, in a spirit of Zen, streamlining potentially complex and overcrowded cognitive space.

Perhaps we should all strive to achieve an inner peace in the increasingly complex world.



Wednesday, December 26, 2018

My lovely whale lyrics

My lovely whale

Ken Mogi

My lovely whale
You know you're free
Wherever you go
You can have fun.

You can see the cherry blossoms
You can climb Mt. Fuji
You can go to see Kabuki
You can even have a go at sumo.

Our lovely whale
You know you're free 
Whenever you fly
We will see the sky

How beautiful is the ocean
how graceful you are
The sun is above shining
And the moon will soon arise.

My lovely whale
You know you're free
Wherever you go
You can have fun.

You can see the cherry blossoms
You can climb Mt. Fuji
You can go to see Kabuki
You can even have a go at sumo.

My lovely whale
You know you're free
Wherever you go
You can have fun.

Our lovely whale
You know you're free 
Whenever you fly
We will see the sky


Created on 26th December 2018

Song available below.


Saturday, December 01, 2018

The One.

The One.

Ken Mogi




The urban forest is wide and deep, biologically versatile, inhabited by many rare species that have become long extinct in the outside world.
Deep in the heart of the forest, resides the One. He has been dwelling in the Deep Forest residence in the capacity of being the One for the last few decades of his mature adulthood, leading a life filled with tranquility, paramount duties and prayers.
Every dawn, as the awareness of his own existence arises, the One finds himself again in the familiar setting. He gets up from bed, trying not to disturb the surroundings. He goes to wash his face, gentle and slow. The towel he uses to wipe his face is made from the finest cloth available in the land. And yet, the appearance of it could not be more modest and humble, because he strictly wishes every item in his domicile to be so. 
As the One goes through the protocols, he often reflects on his own stream of consciousness, just like any human being. He secretly smiles, to himself, how his existence has changed, especially since he has assumed the office of the One.
The One used to be a quite boisterous child, just like any typical boy. When he was a teen, he even ventured off into the middle of the bright lights of the metropolitan night life, with his fellow pupils. Such an act of carelessness is impossible now. Even at that time, it resulted a massive recruitment of the metropolitan police, as his unusual outing became known to the officials.  
Over the years, the maintenance of the peace of mind has become his first priority, a life’s art that the One has improved upon and perfected over the years, while breathing the air of the Deep Forest. 
Except for days the One travels around in the country, and on rare occasions, abroad, he leads a simple life in his private domicile and office quarters in the Deep Forest, consummating his duties. He makes a point of carrying out services to the greater community, every second of his life. His spacious rooms are not meant to impress, but only to give the impressions of a serene atmosphere to everything he does, and for those who visits there. In a sense, his very existence itself has become the ultimate ministration of office.
Breakfast is always simple and adequate. The kitchen staff know the One’s preferences in and out, and never make the slightest mistake. It is not that it would be made obvious and sunk in when the staff make a mistake. The One would pass it as if nothing has happened, so as not to embarrass anyone.  
The actions of the One are ordinary, but the context in which these actions are taken is far from the ordinary. It has been perhaps a happy coincidence that his actions have been conducted in peaceful circumstances over the years. There were times when the One would have been forced to do otherwise. In fact, he has been witness to such times, when, as a boy, he was forced to evacuate from the Deep Forest due to difficult circumstances. 
The capital was frequently on fire, some of them calamitous. 
Since then, peace has been his main concern, from the depth of his existence. Every morning, he wishes happiness and equanimity for all his people and far beyond, knowing peace is hard to come by and maintain. 
At 9 in the morning, an official meets the One in the office. The official hands several papers for him to sign. His signings are conducted in the traditional way, with a specially designed seal reserved only for the One. It is a constitutional duty, designated for the One, as the Symbol of the land.
The One prides himself in conducting his duty conscientiously, even when it involves signing papers whose purpose is solely ceremonial.
At 10, he receives Mr. A, who is currently in charge, for audience. The One has been receiving Mr. A ever since he has become the person in charge. The One listens to the affairs of the land as put forward by Mr. A. The One never says anything, except for very neutral comments, since it is not in the nature of the One to make a remark on things of such essence.
In the brief free moments before Mr. A arrives, there is a reverie, in which the One happily indulges himself. (The protocols require that the One never walks into the room before anyone, not even Mr. A. It is always the case that the guest is in the room, and then awaits for the One’s arrival. There is, however, a private room in which the One resides, next to the audience room, in which the One could spend a few moments of private reflections before assuming a more public facade.)
This morning, the One remembers the days when he received private educations from an American lady. The lady was a writer, a charming person, but rather strict in her principles. Some of her prescripts would have come from the civilization that she represented: Others would have originated from her own individuality. The One was young then, and absorbed the lessons like a sponge in the rain. 
It was a time when the land was in great turmoil, but full of hope for a new era. There was the Old One still in residence, and the One did not have to assume quite so much public duties. The One remembers, with a slight embarrassment, how, on arrival of the American lady, he thanked her for the candies that she had sent, forgetting the proper protocols lectured by the officials.
These were the carefree days of his life, long gone.
The head ceremonial master informs the One that Mr. A has arrived. The One nods in acknowledgement, and slowly walks into the audience room. The hushed silence feels like it fills the entire universe at such moments, as the One tiptoes into his next public duty.
The audience with Mr. A proceeds smoothly. It is always a solemn duty to hear what concerns the heart of the person in charge, as matters of the land is of the foremost corporeity for the One.
After the audience, back in private quarters, the One is joined by the Loved One, who has been conducting separate duties, giving audience to the general public who volunteered to do some maintenance and cleaning works within the Deep Forest.
The One met the Loved One in the tennis court, several decades ago. At the time, the episode was widely reported, as it was the first time a commoner would marry someone in line to be the One. 
The memories of the romance of the century are perhaps faint in the zeitgeist of the land, as are the sparkle of new awareness that seized the imagination of people in the years after the calamity, when the young One received lessons from the American lady. The remnant fire of the romance is still felt, however, between the One and the Loved One, as they are indeed still deeply in mutual affection. 
Much in question is whether the post-calamity awareness of freedom and individuality still shines in the land today. This, of course, is not matters to be judged by the One. It is, ultimately to be formulated by the general perception, and currently the office of Mr. A. It is certainly the case, however, that the spirit of the teaching of the American lady very much thrives in the One, to this day.
Lunch today is a rather formal affair, with the British ambassador and his wife making a visit, to say goodbye to the One, nearing his stay in the land.
“Did you enjoy staying in our land?” The One asks, with a smile on his face, like rays of reflected sunshine on the water canals surrounding the Deep Forest.
“Very much, thank you, your majesty,” answers the ambassador.
“I still cherish the memory of coming here, to pay respect to your majesty, a few days after my arrival. The cherry blossoms were in full bloom.” 
“Yes, it was certainly so, wasn’t it?”
The Loved One nods, in recognition.
Conversation then flows like a nectar from the boughs swinging to and fro in the Deep Forest. 
The One speaks fluent English, and discusses many aspects of science and culture. There are implicated familial ties with England, too. The Son of the One, and the Lovely One married to the Son, both have studied at Oxford. 
The conversations, though, never touches on recent political issues, such as the exit of the UK from the European Union, because it is not in the nature of the One to deliberate on such issues.
The British ambassador finally exclaims “O my, I must excuse myself, it is already half past”. The time flows differently in the Deep Forest, and it is perhaps to the compliments for the household agency serving the One, that guests sometimes indeed forget that their assigned time has been over.
As the ambassador shakes hands in farewell, he ventures to mention to the One: “I would miss the sushi restaurants dearly. It has been really a privilege to visit these fabulous places where it all started.”
The One smiles enigmatically. The ambassador remembers, that it is simply not possible for the One to visit the establishments that the he himself came to know and love. 
There are hundreds of excellent sushi restaurants in the capital, but the One never visits any of them. It is not in the nature of the One to make such private visits. 
The ambassador, leaving the Deep Forest, thinks to himself again, that the One is perhaps leading the most restricted life in the world today. Not even the Queen, nor the Pope, is enduring such restriction of private actions, of breathing space. A strange mixture of compassion and respect for the One surges in the heart of the ambassador, as he gets the last glimpse of the One, as the One and the Loved One stand to see the car of the ambassador and his wife off. 
While driven out of the Deep Forest, the ambassador wonders, how in the frivolous atmosphere of the contemporary world such a self-sacrifice is possible.
After the British ambassador leaves, there is some moments of tranquil transition for the One and the Loved One. 
As they walk back to their private quarters, the One asks the Loved One, passingly, but passionately. 
“Do you sometimes wish, that we had been an ordinary couple?”
The Loved One, who has been trailing slightly behind the One, as custom requires, answers, without a hesitation in her voice.
“But we are an ordinary couple between us, aren’t we?”
The One straightens, and corrects himself. 
“Quite so, Love, I am sorry.”
The Loved One bows and smiles.
“Sorry I am, to say such things to your majesty.”
The One and the Loved One walk in silent harmony.
Silence befalls on the private domicile of the One. The One is 82 years old now. It is not possible, or desirable, to carry out the daily duties without taking a great care of his body and soul. 
Sitting on the chair designated for the One, he goes into another reverie.
The One remembers, how, as he was a little boy, he looked up to the Old One. The Old One held the same position as the One holds now. But the times were completely different. 
The One often imagines, had he been in the position of the Old One in that difficult period, would he have done things any differently from the way the Old One did. The Old One was later reproached, almost to the full abandonment of the venerable tradition. The One finds himself in serious doubt. The One does not feel, that he could have done things any differently from ways the Old One did.
At times of such musings, the One feels that an individual is after all what the system makes of him or her. The One feels an awe at the fact that the succession of the position of the One has been repeated, with occasional turmoils, 125 times until the present. 
The One wonders, how it has been possible. There must have been difficult times: However, the Ancestors somehow persevered. 
It is at such times that the One feels that if he is a pivot of the system, as indeed he is actually likely to be, he would gladly serve the purpose of perpetuating the succession, even if that means compromising his private life on this earth.
At half past three, the Son arrives from the East Forest, where he resides with the Lovely One. The Lovely One does not accompany him. 
The Lovely One has been having difficulties since joining the order of the Deep Forest, especially as regards some traditional ceremonies that the One and his family perform and enshrine. 
“I am sorry, majesty”. On arrival in the Deep Forest, the Son apologizes for the absence of the Lovely One.
“That’s quite all right,” the One answers, with a reassuring smile all over his gentle face.
“These things take time,” the One says, ruminating. 
The One remembers, how the Loved One used to have difficulties after marriage, when she tried to adapt to the often mysterious traditions of the Deep Forest. The Loved One has overcome these difficulties, and is now enjoying being in service to the land, every second of her life.
The One and the Son sit together. Time as this is quite valuable, as the succession of the spirit of the One could be only relayed from a living person to another.
A small talk is initiated, if there could indeed be a such in the Deep Forest. The Son mentions to the One a particularly terrible incident of terror that recently took place in one of the cosmopolitan cities in a remote continent. The Son knows that the One is always concerned with peace, and that those mischances that demolish the very foundations of harmonious existence always saddens the One. 
The One sighs, and says, in an intimate voice, like father to son. 
“You know, I never suspected that the world would come to this. I always hoped, and was convinced, that enlightenment and better judgment would become the norm for humanity, especially after the terrible wars that we experienced. I would have thought that we would learn the lesson.”
The One could see that the Son was wishing that the Lovely One could have been here, at such moments. The Lovely One has worked in the foreign office, and is knowledgeable about the world affairs. It has been the hope that a great era of Deep Forest diplomacy will be brought about through the marriage. 
“Things never get to what we expect them to be, don’t they?”
The Son says to the One, with a profound feeling of resignation. The One senses it, and sees that it could not hurt, because, after all, it is a sense of resignation that makes life sustainable, in the turmoil of this imperfect world. 
The chief master of ceremony enters the room, and informs about the special ceremony that is about to take place. It was for this ceremony that the Son has come to the Deep Forest from the East Forest residence this evening.
The special service today is for the 1200th anniversary of a Respected Ancestor of the One. Almost every day in the year, there would be a special service commemorating one of the ancestors. It is no wonder that the ceremonial calendar is rather crowded, when the One is the 125th in the succession line. 
The One, the Loved One, and the Son line up in the periphery of the sacred area, and pray.
After most intensive minutes of silence, the forest musicians and dancers emerge and initiate their performances.
Music is made, which is more than 1000 years old. Some of the dancers wear traditional masks, with enigmatic patterns painted all over the place.
The music and dance would have been originally formed under the influences of other neighboring lands and beyond. In the passage of time, like many other things, they have been perfected and made unique, so that they now felt like the land’s own.
The One listens to the music, and thinks over times gone and lost, well beyond his own life.
The Son whispers to the One. 
“Listening to the music, one feels that one’s soul would go far away, even beyond heaven.”
The One nods and whispers.
“It is all about the dead.” 
The One muses, silently to himself.
“At this moment, our hearts are given to the many millions of people, that lived, and went, before us. Our prayers must be dedicated to their souls, who have now become gods.”
The sun sets, and darkness befalls. The protocol officials gently indicates to the One that it is now time to leave the ceremony. The One inclines, and starts to walk slowly. The Loved One and the Son follow.
The musicians continue to make music, and the dancers dance, even after the One has left, for a long time, late into the night. There is no audience, not even the protocol officials, except for the musicians and dancers themselves. It does not make any difference, according to tradition.  By making these exquisite music, they believe, the souls of Respected Ancestors would gently descend from the heavens, to join their earthly companions for the enjoyment of music and dance. 
It is about the dead.
The many millions of people, that lived, and went before. The music, dance, and prayers must be dedicated to their souls, who are now in heaven, and perhaps beyond.

Author's note. "The One" was written in the summer of 2016. 







When the intelligent becomes timid.



Review of Markus Gabriel's "Why the world does not exist".

Five stars out of Five.



I read this audacious book with great interest. The spice was when the author attacked the intellectual giants of the day with harsh words. It was both amusing and revealing, as it was clear where the intuition and emotion of the author was leading us.
It is one of the enigmas of human history that at any given time, a particular system of beliefs seems to occupy a religious status, only to be superseded by another in later days. In recent years, physicalism and evolutionary biology, supported by statistical reasonings, would have seemed to occupy that special status. What would supersede them?
As someone who has been interested in the mind-brain problem, or how the self, qualia, and intentionality (supposedly) arise from the neural activities in the brain, it always seemed self-evident that physicalism was not the whole picture. However, as the author points out, the powers that be in the intellectual world always seemed to be rather timid in enlarging our world view.
It is a strange tango when the popular media make saints out of the intellectual giants, accompanied by a numbness not to seek something completely different. I don't necessarily think it is a generation thing, but it is fair, and somehow overdue, to suggest alternative possibilities, as brilliantly done by Markus Gabriel.
The new realism, perhaps the central issue of this book, is still hazy in some parts but quite interesting. It appears intuitively promising, and for the lack of better words, sound. The greatest merit of this book, at least for this reviewer, was this alarm call to consider the new realism seriously.
I was a little bemused and puzzled towards the end when the author seemed to depict the tv dramas as the saviour. I must confess that I actually love most of the programs that the author cited (especially Seinfeld and Curb your Enthusiasm). Whether the relevance of the metaphor would extend beyond that of favuoritism slip or curious sidelines remains to be seen. 
The most moving part of the book for me was when the author revealed how he came to write this book:

The second question occurred to me when all of a sudden I realized that time passes, and that I could identify completely different situations with the world "now". At that moment I came upon the idea that the world does not exist. I have needed a good twenty years to penetrate this idea philosophically and to differentiate it from the idea that everything is only an illusion, or that life is nothing but a dream.


When I came to this passage, I immediately felt that I could trust this author. It was a new realism for me.